Thursday, 26 October 2017
Tuesday, 17 October 2017
Thursday, 12 October 2017
Wednesday, 11 October 2017
Representation
Task: Choose one 'Dr Cages'. Write about the stereotypes about the group you've chosen. Then find 3 media products that use stereotypes as well as one counter type.
Dr. Cages
Disability
Regional identity
Class
Age
Gender
Ethnicity
Sexuality
Tuesday, 10 October 2017
MEDIA EFFECTS: Albert Bandura
- The idea that the media can implant ideas in the mind of the audience directly
- The idea that audiences acquire attitudes, emotional responses and new styles of conduct through modeling
- The idea that media representation of transgressive behavior, such as violence or physical aggression, can lead audience members to imitate these form of behavior
BANDURA looks at the way that media texts have a direct influence an it's audience. For instance he argues that violence is prevalent in the media and therefore exposure to this violence in various forms enables us to perceive violence as acceptable way to deal with situations. Bandura called this "MODELLING" of behavior
RECEPTION THEORY: Stuart Hall
- The idea that communication is a process involving encoding by producers and decoding bu audiences
- The idea that there are three hypothetical positions from which messages and meaning may be decoded :
- The dominant- hegemonic position: the encoder's intended meaning (the preferred reading) is fully understood and accepted
- The negotiated position: the legitimacy of the encoder's message is acknowledged is adapted or negotiated to better fit the decoder's own individual experiences or context
- The oppositional position: the encoder's message is understood, but the decoder disagrees with it, reading it in a contrary or oppositional way
Audience
Most media texts work to the principal of being a success is to either
- Generate money
- Attract as large an audience as possible
- Genres are used to appeal to a specific audience. Audiences seek out genres that they enjoy
- Media text are used to bring in advertisers and therefore generate money
- Subscription services use pay monthly schemes to generate money
CULTIVATION THEORY: George Gerbner
- The idea that exposure to repeated patterns of representations over long periods of time can shape and influence the way in which people perceive the world around them.
- The idea that cultivation reinforces mainstream values
- That media messages aren't directly injected into the passive media audience but they are built up by a series of repetition and enforcing of the message. This then instates the hegemony.
Media Vocabulary
Genre :a style or category of art, music, or literature
Hybrid Genre : Mixture of genre
Semiotics: The study of signs/anything which stands for 'something else/how we read images and pictures in an attempt to decode them and make sense of what they mean to us
Denotations: What we see when we look at an image (what it is)
Connotations: What we understand from this image
Demographic: Way of categorizing the population by age/money/occupation
Target: Set of customers for whom it directs its marketing efforts
Stereotypes: media use it because the audience will instantly understand them. Think of stereotypes as a "virtual shortcut" . There are repeated so often than we assume they are normal or true.
Archetypes: This is the ultimate stereotype. For example the white stiletto wearing, big busted, brainless blonde bimbo.
Countertype: A representation that challenges tradition stereotypical associations of groups, people or places.
Audience: Can have different reactions to different media texts
Preferred Reading: How the creator wants the audience to view the media text
Oppositional Reading: Where the intended meaning of the text is totally opposed by the reader
Demographic: A way categorising the population by age, money and occupation
Target
Niche
Dominant
Negotiated
Psychographic
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